1. High levels of antioxidants have been associated with longer life spans.
True
False

2. Antioxidants are compounds that neutralize oxygen radicals.
True
False

3. Some antioxidants are enzymes while others are nutrients such as vitamin C, vitamin E, and beta-carotene.
True
False

4. Biomarkers (in cells, tissues, and organs) are biological changes that characterize the aging process.
True
False

5. Scientists consider chronological time a better measure of aging than biomarkers.
True
False

6. Caloric restriction refers to an experimental approach to studying longevity in which life spans of laboratory animals have been extended by reducing calories while the necessary level of nutrients is maintained.
True
False

7. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a large molecule that carries the genetic information necessary for all cellular functions, including the building of proteins.
True
False

8. Damage to DNA and the rate at which damage is repaired may help determine the rate of aging.
True
False

9. Free radicals are molecules with unpaired electrons that react readily with other molecules.
True
False

10. Oxygen-free radicals, produced during metabolism, damage cells and may be responsible for aging in tissues and organs.
True
False

11. A gene is a segment of DNA that contains the "code" for a specific protein.
True
False

12. Gene expression is the process by which genes are transcribed and translated into proteins.
True
False

13. Age-related changes in gene expression may account for some of the phenomena of aging.
True
False

14. Glycation is the process by which glucose links with proteins and causes them to bind together, thus stiffening tissues and leading to the complications of diabetes and perhaps some of the physiologic problems associated with aging.
True
False

15. The Hayflick limit is the finite number of divisions of which a cell is capable.
True
False

16. Interleukins are substances secreted by lymphocytes, and their levels vary with age.
True
False

17. Lymphocytes are small white blood cells that are important to the immune system.
True
False

18. A decline in lymphocyte function with advancing age is being studied for insights into aging and disease.
True
False

19. Proliferative genes are genes that promote cell division or proliferation.
True
False

20. Photoaging is a process initiated by sunlight through which the skin becomes drier and loses elasticity.
True
False

21. Photoaging has the same effect as normal aging on certain skin cells.
True
False

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